CFR Navigator

Civil aircraft airworthiness

14 CFR 91.7 is THE foundational airworthiness rule for general aviation.

Initial and recurrent pilot testing requirements

14 CFR 135.293 is the recurrent training rule for Part 135 (commuter and on-demand air carriers — air taxis, charters, helicopter EMS, regional commuters).

Quality control system

14 CFR 145.211 is the FAA's quality control system requirement for certificated repair stations (Part 145).

Hazard analysis

21 CFR 117.130 is the FSMA hazard analysis requirement — the foundational HACCP-style risk assessment for food facilities.

General recording criteria

29 CFR 1904.7 defines what makes a workplace injury/illness 'recordable' under OSHA's 300 Log system.

Annual summary

29 CFR 1904.32 is the OSHA 300A annual summary requirement.

Permit-required confined spaces

29 CFR 1910.146 governs entry into permit-required confined spaces — tanks, vessels, silos, vaults, sewers, manholes, pipelines, and similar spaces with limited entry/exit and one or more recognized hazards.

The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout)

29 CFR 1910.147 is the Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) standard — controlling hazardous energy during machine servicing and maintenance.

Powered industrial trucks

29 CFR 1910.178 governs forklift and similar powered industrial truck (PIT) operation.

Hazard communication

29 CFR 1910.1200 is the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) — often called HazCom or 'right to know.' Every employer with hazardous chemicals (most workplaces have at least cleaning supplies, fuels, paints, or industrial chemicals) must have: a WRITTEN HazCom plan, a chemical inventory, SDS for every hazardous chemical accessible to employees during all shifts, GHS-compliant labels on every container, and employee training.

General requirements for scaffolds

29 CFR 1926.451 is the general scaffold standard for construction.

Duty to have fall protection

29 CFR 1926.501 is the construction fall-protection rule — among the top-3 most-cited OSHA standards every year.

National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual (NISPOM)

32 CFR Part 117 is the NISPOM — the federal regulation governing how cleared contractors handle classified information for the DoD and other federal agencies.

General applicability of SPCC oil pollution prevention regulations

40 CFR 112 is the EPA's Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) rule for oil pollution prevention.

Purpose, scope, and applicability of generator standards

40 CFR Part 262 governs businesses that generate hazardous waste under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).

Condition of participation: Interdisciplinary group, care planning, and coordination of services

42 CFR 418.56 is the hospice Interdisciplinary Group (IDG) Condition of Participation.

Resident rights

42 CFR 483.10 is the SNF Resident Rights regulation — covering Medicare/Medicaid certified nursing facilities.

Condition of participation: Patient rights

42 CFR 484.50 is the patient rights Condition of Participation.

Condition of participation: Comprehensive assessment of patients

42 CFR 484.55 is THE foundational HHA Condition of Participation — every Medicare/Medicaid home health patient must get a comprehensive assessment within 5 days of start-of-care, with an initial visit within 48 hours of referral.

Condition of participation: Care planning, coordination of services, and quality of care

42 CFR 484.60 is the Plan of Care (POC) Condition of Participation.

Condition of participation: Quality assessment and performance improvement (QAPI)

42 CFR 484.65 is the QAPI Condition of Participation — Quality Assessment and Performance Improvement.

Pre-employment testing

Before any CDL driver performs safety-sensitive work — driving, loading, supervising loading, fueling — the motor carrier must obtain a negative DOT pre-employment drug test result.

Random testing

Every motor carrier with at least one CDL driver must run a random drug and alcohol testing program.

Motor carrier responsibility — Clearinghouse query

49 CFR 382.701 is the FMCSA Clearinghouse query requirement — effective January 6, 2020 with the second-phase 'no-pre-2020-records exception' eliminated January 6, 2023.

General qualifications of drivers

49 CFR 391.11 is the foundational driver qualification rule.

Disqualification of drivers

49 CFR 391.15 identifies the conditions under which a CMV driver is automatically disqualified — meaning the driver cannot legally operate a CMV until the disqualification period ends and any required reinstatement steps are completed.

Application for employment

49 CFR 391.21 specifies what must be on a CMV driver's employment application.

Investigation and inquiries

49 CFR 391.23 requires the carrier to independently verify what the applicant disclosed on the 49 CFR 391.21 application.

Annual inquiry and review of driving record

49 CFR 391.25 requires the carrier to pull a fresh MVR for each driver at least once every 12 months.

Record of violations

49 CFR 391.27 is the DRIVER'S annual self-disclosure of moving violations.

Road test

Every CMV driver must complete a road test before the carrier can dispatch them.

Equivalent of road test

49 CFR 391.33 lets the carrier skip the road test in 49 CFR 391.31 by accepting a valid CDL (or 12-month state license) as equivalent.

Physical qualifications for drivers

49 CFR 391.41 sets the medical standards a CMV driver must meet — the qualifications the DOT medical examiner verifies during the physical exam (49 CFR 391.43).

Medical examination; certificate of physical examination

Every commercial driver must pass a DOT physical exam before operating a CMV and at regular intervals thereafter.

Persons who must be medically examined and certified

Every CMV driver must complete an initial DOT physical before beginning to drive, and a renewal physical at least every 24 months thereafter.

Resolution of conflicts of medical evaluation

49 CFR 391.47 provides a dispute-resolution path when a medical examiner has determined a driver is unqualified under 49 CFR 391.41 but the driver (or a treating specialist) disagrees.

Alternative physical qualification standards for the loss or impairment of limbs

49 CFR 391.49 is the alternative-qualification pathway for drivers who can't meet 49 CFR 391.41 because of a limb impairment.

General requirements for driver qualification files

Every motor carrier must maintain a Driver Qualification File (DQF) for each driver.

Driver investigation history file

49 CFR 391.53 requires a separate file from the DQF — the Driver Investigation History File (DIHF) — containing the prior-employer safety performance information collected under 49 CFR 391.23.

Scope of rules in this part

49 CFR 395.1 is the gateway to all HOS rules — it specifies who 49 CFR Part 395 applies to, and lists the major exceptions.

Maximum driving time for property-carrying vehicles

The federal hours-of-service rules for property-carrying CMV drivers are built around four limits: (1) the 11-hour driving rule — maximum 11 hours of driving after 10 consecutive hours off duty, (2) the 14-hour on-duty window — all driving must occur within 14 hours of the driver's first on-duty time after their 10-hour break, (3) the 30-minute break requirement — a 30-minute non-driving break is required before driving more than 8 cumulative hours, and (4) the 60/70-hour weekly limit — total on-duty time may not exceed 60 hours in 7 consecutive days or 70 hours in 8 consecutive days.

Maximum driving time for passenger-carrying vehicles

49 CFR 395.5 governs HOS for passenger-carrying CMV drivers (buses, motorcoaches, vans with 16+ passenger capacity for hire or 9+ for hire including driver).

Driver's record of duty status

Every CMV driver must record their duty status every day they operate.

Supporting documents

49 CFR 395.11 requires carriers to keep supporting documents — fuel receipts, BOLs, toll records, dispatch records, payroll records — that verify the driver's recorded HOS.

Drivers declared out-of-service

49 CFR 395.13 is the enforcement provision when an inspector catches a driver exceeding HOS limits.

Motor carrier responsibilities — In general

49 CFR 395.22 lays out the carrier's responsibilities for ELDs: provide FMCSA-registered devices in every CMV, train drivers, supply backup paper logs (8 days' worth for malfunctions), review records, and retain data for 6 months.

Driver and motor carrier responsibilities — In general

49 CFR 395.24 specifies how drivers and carriers must USE the ELD.

ELD malfunctions and data diagnostic events

49 CFR 395.34 specifies what happens when an ELD malfunctions.

ELDs — Driver edits to records to reflect personal use of CMV or yard moves

49 CFR 395.36 governs two special ELD categories that record CMV movement as something OTHER than driving time.

Inspection, repair, and maintenance

Every motor carrier must have a systematic vehicle maintenance program.

Unsafe operations forbidden

49 CFR 396.7 is the foundational 'don't operate broken CMVs' rule.

Driver vehicle inspection report

At the end of each driving day, every CMV driver must prepare and sign a Driver Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR) covering specific safety-critical components: brakes, steering, lights, tires, horn, wipers, mirrors, coupling, wheels, and emergency equipment.

Periodic inspection

49 CFR 396.17 is the federal annual inspection — the formal, comprehensive inspection every CMV must pass at least once every 12 months.

Inspector qualifications

49 CFR 396.19 specifies WHO can perform the federal annual inspection (49 CFR 396.17).

Attendance and surveillance of motor vehicles

Vehicles transporting certain hazardous materials — explosives (Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3), radioactive materials (Class 7), poisonous gases (Division 2.3), and poisons (Division 6.1) — must be 'attended' at all times.